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Second Battle of Dongola
The Second Battle of Dongola or Siege of Dongola was a military engagement between early Arab-Egyptian forces of the Rashidun Caliphate and the Nubian-Christian forces of the Kingdom of Makuria in 652. The battle ended Muslim expansion into Nubia, establishing trade and a historic peace between the Muslim world and a Christian nation. As a result, Makuria was able to grow into a regional power that would dominate Nubia for the over 500 years.
==Background==
Relations between the kingdom of Makuria and Rashidun Egypt had gotten off to a rocky start in 642 with the First Battle of Dongola. After their defeat, the Arabs withdrew from Nubia and something of a peace had been established by 645.〔 According to the 14th-century Arab-Egyptian historian al-Maqrizi, Makuria did something to violate the truce.〔 It was then that Abdullah Ibn Sa'ad, the successor of the first governor of Arab Egypt, invaded Makuria in an attempt to bring the Makurians to heel.〔 At this time, northern and central Nubia were united under the Makurian king Qalidurut.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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